Cylindrical structure



Jam 6,, 193%. v. F; HAMMEL 1,842,547

cYLImmIcAL STRUCTURE Filed 001:. 24, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR VICTOR F. HAMMEL BY ATTORNEYS v. F. HAMMEL 1,842,547

CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURE Filed Oct. 24, 1930 2 Sheets-$heet 2 ATTORNEYJS ll' ntented data. 26, ll

'V'IUTOB it. tantrum, 0}? AMITYVmlhE, NEW YQBM o'rnrnnnronn srnnurunn This invention relates to cylindrical structures having great stillness and strength, and which may be easily and quickly made.

Une object of this invention is to produce an integral cylindrical net-Work which includes trussed longitudinal structural memhers, and being a unit structure having great stillness, his being attained by permitting the longitudinal members to act under strain as compression struts.

second ohject cl this invention is to emoy rods, or bars, or both, disposed lengthse of and connecting the longitudinal strucral members and said rods, or bars, in the desired net-Work relation.

object of this invention is to prod ce such a structure having the longitudinal ctural members in a circular or other ioiip. and With the rods, or hars, disposed helicall v lengthwise of the members and connecting the longitudinal. members and the hairs or rods in the mentioned network rela-.

non.

ourth specific object of this invention is to produce such a structure wherein the rods, or bars, are Woven or otherwise lielically arranged around'and connected to a circular or other group oit spaced or other longitudinal structural members.

it titth object of this invention is to produce a structure like that just beitorementioned, in Which some or the rods or bars are helically arranged clockwise around the group out longitudinals and in which structure other rods, or bars, are helically arranged anticlocavvise around said group of longitudinals.

ll. sixth object of this invention is to pro duce structure, having any or all of the characteristic features noted, and formed of sections connected end to end to form a long post or a long pole as examples.

it seventh object of this invention is to produce a. structure having any or all or the characteristic features noted, and also having additional stiffening 'means or devices thereby at desired intervals.

i i th object of this invention is to u'oducc a structure having any or all of the clun'acteristic leatures noted and wherein some of the longitudinal structural members ext-end throughout the entire length of the structure, hile the remainder of the longitudinal structural memherseatend for only a portion or" the length of the structure.

A ninth object of this invention is to provide a method having simple steps for speedily assembling the elements ({0}) the longitudinal structural members and (b) the rods,

or bars) and connecting the same in the predetermined I18l3-WOTl relation.

A tenth object of this invention is to pro vide mechanism, preferably for practicing the method mentioned, for speedily assembling and connecting the elements of the structure.

A. further object of the invention is to provide post or pole having a greater resistance against movement When set or embedded in the ground, than a solid or tubular pole of the same external dimensions.

Other objects of this invention will be men tioned hereinafter and in the appended claims.

litezterring to the accompanying drawings, Fig. it illustrates a cross-section of a grooved mandrel, being a support for holding a plurality of longitudinal structural members in the preferred spaced side-hy-side relation. Fig. 2 is aside elevational view of a portion of such a mandrel.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel of Fig. 1, With longitudinal. structural l -shaped angles fitted in the grooves of the mandrel. Fig. i is a side elevational view of a portion of the mandrel and of the longitudinals fitted. in the grooves of such mandrel.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel hetorementioned and of the longitudinals Within the grooves thereof, and also showing the near-by Winding or laying devices tor Winding or laying rods, or bars, around the held longitudinals, together with near-lay electrical or other Welding devices for Welding the Wound or laid rods to the longitudinals, Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the parts illustrated in llig. 5..

Figs. 142, 3% and 56 illustrate the principal steps of my new method for assemlltl bling and connecting the elements of one form'of my new cylindrical structure.

' Fig. 7 is a side elevational view of one form of my new cylindrical structure, being a pole shown as set in the ground and formed ofsuccessive sections connected end to end. The rods, or bars, are shown as helically disposed around the pole in both clockwise and anticlockwise directions.

Fig. 8 illustrates, in cross-section, an arrangement of parts wherein the longitudinal structural members are outside of the pole or post and the helically or otherwise disposed rods, or bars, are inside of and connected to the grouped longitudinals; Fig. 9 is a side elevational View of a portion of the resulting pole.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view, quite like that of Fig. 8, and showing rods, or bars, inside of and outside of and also connected with the longitudinals. Fig. 11 is a side view of the pole of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a side elevational view of one form of my new cylindrical structure, being a pole, wherein some of the longitudinal structural members extend for the entire length of the structure, while the remainder of the longitudinals extend for only about three-fourths of the length of the structure.

Fig. 13 is a side elevational view of a form of my new cylindrical structure, with .part broken away to show added strengthening or stifiening means inserted or applied at desired intervals.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a form of the new cylindrical structure, in which additional strength or stifiness is given by the employment of tieing loops, or the like, for connecting oppositely-disposed longitudinals of the circular or other group thereof.

Referring to Figs. 1-7, A indicates a mandrel having grooves Aflextending longitudinally thereof. The mandrel may have a length equalling that of the entire pole or post, or equalling that of the section of the structure to be made. As more particularly described hereinafter, such mandrel may be a pole-piece of an electromagnet (or a continuation thereof).

B indicates longitudinal structural members, here shown as V-shaped angles, laid in the grooves A of the mandrel, and held in place by any means, such as the magnetic attraction of the mandrel. The outered es of the flan es receive the next-hereinafter escribed rods, or bars, when helically wound around the assembled group of longitudinals.

C indicates rods or bars woven around said oup of longitudinals in a desired direction %for instance, clockwise), and C indicates other rods or bars woven around the group of longitudinals in an opposite direction. Preferably, the weaving is uniform, with opposite spirals crossing each other in pairs at their intersection with a longitudinal memher and at this junction the three are secured together being preferably electrically forged or welded.

v C, (1 indicate weaving heads which may be employed to lay the rods or bars helically and lengthwise of thelongitudinals.

D and D indicate welding apparatus, for securing the rods, or bars, and the longitudinals together.

The longitudinals and also the helices wound thereover, may be held in place by the attractive action of the magnet which has a mandrel formed or connected to act as a pole-piece, awaiting the operation of weldmg.

The'structure, formed in the manner described, generally is an integral net-work of trussed longitudinal structural membersf S'uch trussed construction gives the unit structure great stiffness and strength by permitting the longitudinal members to act under strain as compression struts. The longitudinals are so invested by virtue of their being supported, at predetermined points, both diagonally and circumferentially, against deflection by the helically-arranged diagonal rods or bars.

Applied to the construction of a pole, the longitudinal members carry the direct compression or tensile stresses, while the helically-arranged rods (or bars) act as bracing means for limiting the unsupported lengths of the compression members, and for resisting torsion or twisting.

A pole or post made of this construction has equal strength in all directions and has a high torsional resisting strength. Being made of a multiple number of struts, it is not subject to sudden collapse under failure; the longitudinal members being at different distances from the neutral axis (of the circular cross-section) do not fail in unison, the loads they carry being in proportion to their distance from the before-mentioned neutral axis. With the collapse of the outer-most member, the inner members must first take up the additional burden before they, in turn, fail.

With these inherent qualities, the structure surpasses the ideal tube as a means of carrying loads by beam or cantilever action; its superiority lies in the fact that a better distribution of steel is possible, and with the same amount of steel a higher resisting amount is obtained.

A pole constructed in accordance with the present invention is light in weight, being lighter than a wooden pole of like cross-section and length, and is much stronger than such a wooden pole.

, the length of the pole.

, rated as of shape, though for general utility, the angle is preferred. The helically-disposed members may be of any shape or form. l he principal of the construction is applicable to any form or shape of longitudinals, this being true also of the helically-disposed members.

Preferably the longitudinals and also the helical-members are of steel.

"the structure is equally applicable to any rectangular, triangular, cylindrical, tapered, conical or other form.

The helix or the helices may be woven around the group of longitudinals, or may, as hereinafter described, be on the inside of the group, or be both inside and outside of the group; i

The structure lends itself to the simplest hind ot mechanical construction. it" or in stance, as illustrated in Figs. 1-6, the structural longitudinals may be laid in the grooves of a mandrel, a weaving mechanism (consisting of two heads) lays the helices, and a welding head may malre eight, or any multiple of circumferential welds in one operation.

The helices can, obviously, he wound-on in single rods or multiples from one or more spools disposed lengthwise or alongside ot the mandrel.

entire pole may he made in one continuous operation upon the same mandrel, or, it desired, only a section ot a pole may be made. desired, the sections may be tapered.

For convenience, the sections can be nested tor shipment, and afterwards assembled by joining them end to end, somewhat after the fashion of assembling stove pipes. time term oi complete pole is shown in Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.

The structure when made into a pole may be reintorced, by rings, l F F and W, as shown, at a point below the ground line, at the butt, the top, and at intervals throughout Some of the bands or rings, l and F may also be used to secure the sections of the pole together. The said hands or rings, especiall when attached at the junction with longitu inal and helical members, act to reduce the unsupported lengths ot the longitudinals and take circumtorrential stresses; they thus act as stittening and strengthening means.

Referring, now, to Figures d-ll ot the ac companying drawings, these illustrate manners ot assembling elements ot a pole, or other structure, with the helically-disposed rods, or bars, inside of the group of longitudinals.

in the case of Figures 8 and 9, oppositelywoven rods, C and C, are shown as wound around a mandrel, A and longitudinals, B positioned about the rods. in the case of Figures l0 and ii, oppositely-woven rods, indi- C and are shown as wound around the longitudinals which latter have helically-disposed rods within the group of longitudinals.

For the sake of lightness, and also since, for many purposes, the upper end of a pole need not be as strong as the lower end thereof, some of the longitudinals need not extend to the upper end of the pole, it being sulficient if (say) one-half of the longitudinals shall reach to the uppermost end of the pole. Such a structure, made in accordance with my invention, is illustrated in Fig. which E indicates the longitudinals which extend for about three-quarters of the length of the pole, while the other longitudinals, indicated at B run from end to end of the structure.

In this case as in Fig. 7, strengthening 0r stifl'ening rings, F, F and F are shown as surrounding the pole.

Instead of being external of the structure, strengthening or stifi'ening diaphragms, disks or plates, indicated at G and G may be placed within the pole as shown in Figure 13.

Referring to Figure M, I may use tieing means instead of the rings or the internal diaphragms, disks or plates, for maintaining the relative position of the longitudinals, and thus stitlening and strengthening the pole. The object sought will be accomplished, in the case of Figure M, by using as many ties, E, as there are pairs of longitudinals, and employing each tie to engage with and pass around oppositely-arranged longitudinals.

lit will be observed with reference to Fig. 7 that a pole constructed in accordance with the present invention is of the same lattice work structure throughout including the pen tion embedded in the earth as shown at X. The tact that a special base for embedding the lower end or the pole in the earth is not required with the pole disclosed herein, represents an economy of construction, but further and more important than this element is the fact that due to the use of the lattice work construction underground, the earth becomes tightly packed about all sides of the members as well as into the angles of the longitudinals and thus grips the pole so firmly that it oflers a greater resistance against movement than a solid or tubular pole of the same external dimensions.

ll7hile l have herein shown and described specific embodiments of my inventions, I desire that it shall be understood that my invention is not restricted to such forms, as obviously many embodiments will suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art and still be within the scope of my claims.

lln the appended claims the structure disclosed herein is described as comprising rods wound in left and right hand helices, etc. The term helices as used in the claims is intended to include a true helix of constant generating radius throughout its entire extent, as well as a tapered helix wherein the ltlll llld generating radius of the helix decreases gradually from one end to the other of the structure.

I claim:

1. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise winding stiffening rods in left and right hand helices lengthwise of a relatively-arranged plurality of longitudinal structural members, and welding the longitudinal members and wound rods at points of intersection thereof.

2. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprlse winding 'stifit'ening rods helically lengthwise of a relatively-arran ed plurality of longitudinal structural mem ers, ing rods helically in an opposite direction lengthwise of said structural members, and connecting the longitudinal members and the go oppositely-wound stiffening rods at points of intersection thereof.

3. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise relatively arranging a plurality of longitudinal structural members as desired, helically Winding stiffening rods inleft and right hand fashion around the so-arranged structural members, and connecting the longitudinal members and the wound rods at intersections 80 thereof. v

4. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise relative- 'ly arranging a plurality of longitudinal structural members as desired, helically winding stiffening rods around the so-arrangedstructural members helically winding other stiffening rods around the firstmentioned helical winding, and connecting the longitudinal members and the two windings at intersections thereof.

5. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise fitting a plurality of longitudinal structural memers to a suitable support, and thus relatively v arranging the same as desired, helically winding stiffening rods in left and right hand fashion around the supported and arranged structural members, connecting the members and wound rods at intersections thereof, and separating the resultant structure and said support.

6. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise winding stiffening rods in left and right hand intersecting helices, arranging stiffened bars longitudinally along said intersections, and welding said rods and bars at said intersections.

7. In the manufacture of a cylindrical structure, the steps which comprise winding stiffening rods helically lengthwise of a relatively arranged structural members, ing lengthwise of said structural members,

winding other stiffenand winding other stifi'enw plurality of longitudinalrods helically in opposite direction welding the ion oppositely woun 'tudinal members and the stifiening rods at points of intersections thereof.

VICTOR r. HAMMEL.

' anniinntien tilled eteher 6, @928, Serial! No. 310,889.

ntn'ttatnn'tn ea eeaaannon;

Patent Ne. L254? ttetna r. HAMMEL.

it is herehy eertiiied that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring enrreetion as inilinws: in the heading tn the printed. specification, tine i, strilke nut date at tiiing anniieatinn eiause and insert instead Original Divided and this applinatinn tilled Ueteher 24, 119%. Seriai No. 490,933; and that the said Letters Patent shouid he read with this eerrectien therein that the same mayv conform tn the retard at the ease in the Patent @ifice.

Signed and seated this 29th day ei March, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore,

theai) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Granted January 26, 1932, to 

